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日本首相施压斯里兰卡要求削弱与中国关系

2014-09-25 15:47 我要评论(0)

核心提示：安倍晋三对斯里兰卡为期两天的访问以保护日本在南亚的影响力为主题，期望以此削弱中国。

Shinzo Abe’s two-day visit to Sri Lanka was bound up with a broader drive to secure Japanese influence in South Asia, at the expense of China.

安倍晋三对斯里兰卡为期两天的访问以保护日本在南亚的影响力为主题，期望以此削弱中国。

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe spent two days in Sri Lanka on September 7–8 as part of his government’s aggressive moves to counter China’s influence in South Asia. It was the first visit by a Japanese prime minister in 24 years. Abe was accompanied by CEOs from companies such as Hitachi, Sumitomo, Mitsubishi, Tomo Digi, Onomichi Dockyard and Noritake.

日本首相安倍晋三在9月7日和8日对斯里兰卡为期两天的访问是应对中国在南亚影响力的一种政府层面的激进举动。这是24年以来日本首相首次访问斯里兰卡。日立、住友商事、三菱、TOMO数码、尾道造船公司、则武贸易公司等公司的首席执行官陪同安倍访问。

Over the past year, the Japanese government has intensified its provocations against China over the disputed Diaoyu/Senkaku Island in the East China Sea. Abe has lined up with the Obama administration’s “pivot to Asia” policy of militarily encircling China, by forging closer strategic ties with the US and Australia. While pursuing these alliances, Japan is seeking to advance its own imperialist interests in the region.

在过去的一年，日本政府加强了对在中国东海有争议的岛屿--钓鱼岛主权问题上的挑衅行为。安倍加入了奥巴马政府旨在军事上包围中国的“重返亚太”政策的阵营，使之战略上与美国和澳大利亚联系更加紧密。在一味寻找盟友的同时，日本也在寻求其在该地区帝国主义利益的扩大化。

For now, Japan’s agenda in Sri Lanka coincides with that of the US, which is pressuring Colombo to distance itself from Beijing. Beijing increased its influence in Sri Lanka during the past five years by providing military and economic support, particularly during the war against the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Since 2009 China surpassed Japan as the main donor to Sri Lanka. It has invested in key areas like the Hambantota port and infrastructure developments, including highways and electricity. China has also financed and built a Colombo port terminal.

目前，日本在斯里兰卡的议程与美国一致，都是对科伦坡施压使之与北京保持距离。中国在过去五年对其在军事和经济上的援助，特别是在对抗斯里兰卡叛乱组织—泰米尔伊拉姆猛虎解放组织（猛虎组织）的反分裂战争中提供的帮助，使中国在斯里兰卡的影响力增加。从2009年开始，中国超越日本成为斯里兰卡的主要援助国。中国已经开始在汉班托特港等关键地区的投资和基础设施的发展，其中包括高速公路和电网建设。中国也已经投资建设了科伦坡港口码头。

Washington backed successive Colombo governments against the LTTE. However, since the LTTE’s defeat in 2009, it has cynically used the war crimes committed by President Mahinda Rajapakse’s administration as a lever to push it to line up behind US policy against China.

美国在斯里兰卡政府对抗猛虎组织的行动上给予了持续的帮助。但自从2009年猛虎组织被击败以来，美国可笑地使用总统拉贾帕克政府犯下的战争罪行做为一个杠杆期望斯里兰卡站到对抗中国的队伍中去。

For his part, Rajapakse is keen to develop close relations with Japan, calculating that it might soften US pressure on his government. In March, Tokyo abstained from voting for a US-sponsored UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) resolution that proposed an international investigation into the Sri Lankan human rights abuses.

在拉贾帕克政府方面，他们想继续发展和日本的亲密关系，并以此来缓解美国政府对他们的压力。三月份，美国在联合国人权理事会提出的对斯里兰卡人权问题进行国际调查的决议，东京方面投了弃权票。

Japan, however, is manoeuvring for closer ties with Colombo to pursue its own strategic interests, not out of any sympathy for the Rajapakse government. For public relations purposes, Abe said he “appreciated” Sri Lanka’s “reconciliation” process—which has consisted of whitewashing the killing of tens of thousands of Tamils—and the government’s supposed engagement with “the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms.”

然而，日本这样拉近和科伦坡方面的关系，并不是同情拉贾帕克政府，而是出于自己的战略利益。在公关上，安倍说他“欣赏”斯里兰卡的“和解”进程——这是一个掩盖粉饰杀害成千上万泰米尔人的进程——还“欣赏”斯里兰卡政府配合人权委员会及其机制。

A five-page joint statement issued by Abe and Rajapakse pointed to the underlying calculations involved. It stated that the two leaders had decided to elevate Sri Lanka-Japan relations into “a new partnership between maritime countries” to “play significant role in the stability of the Pacific and Indian Ocean region.

安倍和拉贾帕克萨作的一份长达5页的联合声明指出了其背后的深意。声明指出两国领导人决定将两国关系提升到海岸国家新型合作伙伴关系，旨在维护太平洋及印度洋地区稳定中起到重要作用。

Noting Sri Lanka’s geographical location in the middle of the Indian Ocean and the “importance of ensuring freedom of navigation in the region,” the two leaders decided to establish a “Sri Lanka-Japan Dialogue on Maritime Security and Oceanic Issues.” Enhanced naval cooperation was also discussed, and Japan promised to provide patrol vessels.

值得注意的是，斯里兰卡位于印度洋中部及其该区域自由通航的重要性，两国领导人决定就海岸安全及海洋问题建立一种对话机制。加强海军的合作也被提及到，并且日本承诺为斯里兰卡提供巡逻船。

On Japan’s part, these proposals are aimed at wrapping Sri Lanka into Japan’s strategic agenda. The Indian Ocean is crucial for Japan’s needs, as much as it is for China’s. Japan imports 80 percent of its oil and gas supplies from the Middle East via the Strait of Malacca, making Sri Lanka’s proximity to the Indian Ocean’s sea lanes of vital importance to it.

日本方面，这些措施旨在将斯里兰卡纳入其战略议程。印度洋对日本来说至关重要，对中国亦是如此。日本80%的原油和天然气需经马六甲海峡从中东进口，使得斯里兰卡靠近印度洋的航道对日本来说显得格外重要。

Naval dominance in the Indian Ocean provides US and Japanese imperialism with crucial capacity to block China’s equally much-needed energy and resources imports

美国和日本在印度洋的海上霸权为其提供了切断对于中国来说同样需要的能源和资源进口的能力。

The joint statement also expressed concern about China’s ally North Korea. “The two leaders reiterated their call for North Korea to address the concern of the international community and they also urged North Korea to refrain from any provocative actions including ballistic missile launches.”

这份联合声明同时提到了中国的盟友朝鲜。“两国领导人重申要求朝鲜与国际社会一起解决问题，并且敦促其放弃任何挑衅行为其中包括弹道导弹的发射。

Last December, the Rajapakse government issued a statement for the first time voicing concern about North Korea launching a missile. By now joining Japan in making a further statement, Rajapaske is sending another signal of his readiness to align with the US and Japan, and against China.

去年12月份，拉贾帕克萨政府对朝鲜发射导弹第一次发表声明表示关注。如今斯里兰卡与日本发表了进一步的声明，拉贾帕克萨为准备联合美国和日本共同遏制中国发出了一个信号。

In return, Abe promised considerable aid, mainly concessionary loans to the cash-strapped Rajapakse government. Last year, Japan pledged to provide development assistance funds totaling 43.8 billion yen [$US480 million]. This time, Abe signed several agreements, including providing $US330 million to expand the international airport and $130 million for broadcasting and telecommunications infrastructure based on Japan’s Terrestrial Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting system.

作为回报，安倍承诺对其提供可观的援助，主要包括为缺乏现金的拉贾帕克萨政府提供优惠贷款。去年，日本承诺对其提供总计438亿日元（4.8亿美元）的发展援助基金，其中3.3亿美元用于扩大斯里兰卡的国际机场，1.3亿美元用于基于日本地面数字广播集成服务系统的电信和广播行业的基础设施建设。

Abe’s visit was bound up with a broader drive for influence in South Asia. Before arriving in Sri Lanka, Abe visited Bangladesh, where Beijing has also developed close ties in recent years, including by providing aid for various projects. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina decided to withdraw her country’s candidacy for a non-permanent member’s seat on the UN Security Council, instead backing Japan’s bid for the same spot. Abe pledged $6 billion to Bangladesh for various development schemes, while Hasina promised to set up special industrial parks for Japanese investors.

安倍的访问推动了日本在南亚更广泛的影响力。在访问斯里兰卡之前，安倍到访了孟加拉国，近几年中国同样发展与孟加拉国的紧密关系，并为其提供了各种援助计划。谢赫。哈丽娜总理决定撤销孟加拉国竞选联合国安理会非常任理事国的席位，而不是支持日本在这个问题上所做的援助。安倍承诺为孟加拉国各种发展计划提供60亿美元援助。同时哈丽娜承诺为日本投资者建立特别工业园区。

Two weeks ago, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi concluded a five-day visit to Japan, which was hailed as establishing a “special global strategic partnership.” Modi signed agreements with Abe for military cooperation, including continued defence summits, trilateral naval exercises involving the US, Japan and India and the sale of armaments to India.

两个星期前，印度总理莫迪结束了对日本为期五天的访问，这五天的行程因建立了所谓的“特殊的全球战略伙伴关系”而被称赞。莫迪与安倍签署了关于军事合作的备忘录，包括继续举办国防高峰会谈，举行美国、日本和印度的三方海上联合演习，并将武器卖给印度。

Abe’s visit to Sri Lanka took place in the broader context of the strategic and military preparations being made by Japan and the US against China. Rajapakse’s warm welcome to the Japanese prime minister sent a message that he is willing to toe the line of the US and its current ally, Japan.

安倍访问斯里兰卡所处的大环境是美国和日本在战略和军事准备上与中国对抗。科伦坡方面如此热情的欢迎日本总理则发出了一个信息——他愿意听从美国及其当前盟友日本这边。

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string(33) "香港特首进京也“跑部”" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297318.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1225/1451008702623.png" ["description"]=> string(179) "按照惯例，香港和澳门的特首每年在12月底时都会来北京向国家领导人汇报全年工作，也就是所谓的“述职”，再通俗点就是年终总结。" ["time"]=> int(1451008771) } [8]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297303) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(42) "虎牙妹：《万万没想到》有点渣" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297303.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1225/1451005863619.png" ["description"]=> string(228) "由于《万万》在网络剧时期累积了不小的人气，电影在点映时取得了相当大的成功，正当人们以为它能取得票房佳绩的时候，《万万》的风评却急转直下，在豆瓣上评分6.1。" ["time"]=> int(1451005740) } [9]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297295) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(72) 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"自导自演的和平演变：越南反共总理政治炒作的背后" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297248.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1224/1450949829631.png" ["description"]=> string(303) "越南中央级的党报党刊、军报军刊最近发表大量文章，阐述党的路线和大政方针，同时揭露、批判“国内外各种敌对势力和政治机会主义分子”在十二大前的各种破坏阴谋和伎俩，强调要防范和反对“和平演变”和“颜色革命”。" ["time"]=> int(1450949950) } [12]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297247) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(42) "津巴布韦缘何“相中”人民币？" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297247.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1224/1450948423306.png" ["description"]=> string(140) "中国是津巴布韦的第二大贸易合作伙伴，每年双边贸易额超过10亿元，津巴布韦对人民币的需求日趋强烈。" ["time"]=> int(1450948518) } [13]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297246) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(33) "台湾选举提前结束了吗？" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297246.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1224/1450946885538.jpg" ["description"]=> string(108) "本来选战就是中间选民的争夺战，这一次，国民党要找回自己的基本盘，怎么了？" ["time"]=> int(1450946760) } [14]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297058) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(90) "清华博士：台湾是“杀出来的奴才，打出来的顺民，惯出来的孽种”" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297058.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1223/1450833056693.png" ["description"]=> string(297) "一直以来，中国政府奉行对台让利政策，对台湾的开放程度远远超过台湾对大陆的开放程度，就已在太阳花运动中被否定的“贸服协定”为例，对大陆的要求几乎全部是高于WTO中的规定，而对台湾却几乎全部是低于WTO的规定。" ["time"]=> int(1450833467) } [15]=> array(11) { ["contentid"]=> int(1297067) ["icon"]=> string(0) "" ["iconsrc"]=> string(0) "" ["title"]=> string(60) "金庸：揭中国人不擅长打仗为何却能赢的真相" ["color"]=> string(0) "" ["url"]=> string(46) "http://www.m4.cn/opinion/2015-12/1297067.shtml" ["subtitle"]=> string(0) "" ["suburl"]=> string(0) "" ["thumb"]=> string(47) "http://upload.m4.cn/2015/1223/1450834511242.jpg" ["description"]=> string(243) "现在许多西方学者都认为，地球就这样大了，无止境地追求、扩充，是不可能的，也是不可取的。今後只能接受中国的哲学，要平衡、要和谐，民族与民族之间要相互协作，避免战争。" ["time"]=> int(1450834575) } }

朱维群：达赖与暴力恐怖主义的关系能撇清吗